第五章 Python爬虫：常用浏览器的useragent

华天清
华天清
华天清
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 2020-04-1802:05:00 评论 12,064 8072字
摘要

在写python网络爬虫程序的时候，经常需要修改UserAgent，比如：不同Agent下看到的内容不一样，比如，京东网站上的手机版网页和pc版网页上的商品优惠不一样。

一. 为什么需要修改UserAgent

1. 为什么需要修改UserAgent

在写python网络爬虫程序的时候，经常需要修改UserAgent，有很多原因，罗列几个如下：

  • 不同Agent下看到的内容不一样，比如，京东网站上的手机版网页和pc版网页上的商品优惠不一样
  • 为避免被屏蔽，爬取不同的网站经常要定义和修改useragent值。
  • ......

修改agent值这个操作本身比较简单，UserAgent值是一串字符串，替换上即可，主要是用对UserAgent值。下面列出常用浏览器的useragent：

2. PC端的UserAgent

safari 5.1 – MACUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50

safari 5.1 – WindowsUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50

Firefox 38esrUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:38.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0

IE 11User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; InfoPath.3; rv:11.0) like Gecko

IE 9.0User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0;

IE 8.0User-Agent:Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0)

IE 7.0User-Agent:Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0)

IE 6.0User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)

Firefox 4.0.1 – MACUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101

Firefox/4.0.1

Firefox 4.0.1 – WindowsUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1

Opera 11.11 – MACUser-Agent:Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; en) Presto/2.8.131 Version/11.11

Opera 11.11 – WindowsUser-Agent:Opera/9.80 (Windows NT 6.1; U; en) Presto/2.8.131 Version/11.11

Chrome 17.0 – MACUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_0) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11

傲游（Maxthon）User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Maxthon 2.0)

腾讯TTUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; TencentTraveler 4.0)

世界之窗（The World） 2.xUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)

世界之窗（The World） 3.xUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; The World)

搜狗浏览器 1.xUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0)

360浏览器User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; 360SE)

AvantUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Avant Browser)

Green Browser

User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)

3. 移动端UserAgent

safari iOS 4.33 – iPhoneUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5

safari iOS 4.33 – iPod TouchUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (iPod; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5

safari iOS 4.33 – iPadUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5

Android N1User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; en-us; Nexus One Build/FRF91) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1

Android QQ浏览器 For androidUser-Agent: MQQBrowser/26 Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; zh-cn; MB200 Build/GRJ22; CyanogenMod-7) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1

Android Opera MobileUser-Agent: Opera/9.80 (Android 2.3.4; Linux; Opera Mobi/build-1107180945; U; en-GB) Presto/2.8.149 Version/11.10

Android Pad Moto XoomUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 3.0; en-us; Xoom Build/HRI39) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Safari/534.13

BlackBerryUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9800; en) AppleWebKit/534.1+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0.0.337 Mobile Safari/534.1+

WebOS HP TouchpadUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (hp-tablet; Linux; hpwOS/3.0.0; U; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) wOSBrowser/233.70 Safari/534.6 TouchPad/1.0

Nokia N97User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (SymbianOS/9.4; Series60/5.0 NokiaN97-1/20.0.019; Profile/MIDP-2.1 Configuration/CLDC-1.1) AppleWebKit/525 (KHTML, like Gecko) BrowserNG/7.1.18124

Windows Phone MangoUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; HTC; Titan)

UC无User-Agent: UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999

UC标准User-Agent: NOKIA5700/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999

UCOpenwaveUser-Agent: Openwave/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999

UC OperaUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; ) Opera/UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999

4. 文档修改历史

2016-05-27：V1.0

在写python网络爬虫程序的时候，经常需要修改UserAgent，有很多原因，罗列几个如下：

  • 不同Agent下看到的内容不一样，比如，京东网站上的手机版网页和pc版网页上的商品优惠不一样
  • 为避免被屏蔽，爬取不同的网站经常要定义和修改useragent值。
  • ......

修改agent值这个操作本身比较简单，UserAgent值是一串字符串，替换上即可，主要是用对UserAgent值。下面列出常用浏览器的useragent：

2. PC端的UserAgent

safari 5.1 – MAC

User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50

safari 5.1 – WindowsUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50

Firefox 38esrUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:38.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0

IE 11User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; InfoPath.3; rv:11.0) like Gecko

IE 9.0User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0;

IE 8.0User-Agent:Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0)

IE 7.0User-Agent:Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0)

IE 6.0User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)

Firefox 4.0.1 – MACUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101

Firefox/4.0.1

Firefox 4.0.1 – WindowsUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1

Opera 11.11 – MACUser-Agent:Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; en) Presto/2.8.131 Version/11.11

Opera 11.11 – WindowsUser-Agent:Opera/9.80 (Windows NT 6.1; U; en) Presto/2.8.131 Version/11.11

Chrome 17.0 – MACUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_0) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11

傲游（Maxthon）User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Maxthon 2.0)

腾讯TTUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; TencentTraveler 4.0)

世界之窗（The World） 2.xUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)

世界之窗（The World） 3.xUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; The World)

搜狗浏览器 1.xUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0)

360浏览器User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; 360SE)

AvantUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Avant Browser)

Green BrowserUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)

3. 移动端UserAgent

safari iOS 4.33 – iPhoneUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5

safari iOS 4.33 – iPod TouchUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (iPod; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5

safari iOS 4.33 – iPadUser-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5

Android N1User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; en-us; Nexus One Build/FRF91) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1

Android QQ浏览器 For androidUser-Agent: MQQBrowser/26 Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; zh-cn; MB200 Build/GRJ22; CyanogenMod-7) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1

Android Opera MobileUser-Agent: Opera/9.80 (Android 2.3.4; Linux; Opera Mobi/build-1107180945; U; en-GB) Presto/2.8.149 Version/11.10

Android Pad Moto XoomUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 3.0; en-us; Xoom Build/HRI39) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Safari/534.13

BlackBerryUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9800; en) AppleWebKit/534.1+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0.0.337 Mobile Safari/534.1+

WebOS HP TouchpadUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (hp-tablet; Linux; hpwOS/3.0.0; U; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) wOSBrowser/233.70 Safari/534.6 TouchPad/1.0

Nokia N97User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (SymbianOS/9.4; Series60/5.0 NokiaN97-1/20.0.019; Profile/MIDP-2.1 Configuration/CLDC-1.1) AppleWebKit/525 (KHTML, like Gecko) BrowserNG/7.1.18124

Windows Phone MangoUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; HTC; Titan)

UC无User-Agent: UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999

UC标准User-Agent: NOKIA5700/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999

UCOpenwaveUser-Agent: Openwave/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999

UC OperaUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; ) Opera/UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999

End.

作者：华天清

来源：知乎

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